International Species Information System
Conventional U.S.A. Units

ACEROS LEUCOCEPHALUS
WHITE-HEADED HORNBILL

Physiological reference ranges calculated for:

Sample results submitted by 3 member institutions.

© I.S.I.S. - October 1999
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Reference Ranges for Physiological Data Values
TestUnitsMeanSt. Dev.Minimum
Value		Maximum
Value		Sample
Sizea		Animalsb
WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT *10^3/µl 15.44 6.003 5.000 27.00 17 12
RED BLOOD CELL COUNT *10^6/µl 2.65 0.12 2.56 2.73 2 2
HEMOGLOBIN g/dl 13.6 2.6 11.7 15.4 2 2
HEMATOCRIT % 45.8 6.0 34.0 61.3 15 12
MCV fL 177.1 11.2 169.1 185.0 2 2
MCH pg/cell 51.1 7.6 45.7 56.4 2 2
MCHC g/dl 28.8 2.5 27.0 30.5 2 2
HETEROPHILS *10^3/µl 8.301 3.881 0.750 15.90 17 12
LYMPHOCYTES *10^3/µl 6.802 3.097 1.490 11.20 17 12
MONOCYTES *10^3/µl 0.554 0.484 0.062 1.080 6 6
EOSINOPHILS *10^3/µl 0.513 0.439 0.016 0.900 4 3
BASOPHILS *10^3/µl 0.130 0.000 0.130 0.130 1 1
CALCIUM mg/dl 8.8 0.9 6.6 10.3 13 10
PHOSPHORUS mg/dl 5.1 2.8 2.6 13.4 12 10
SODIUM mEq/L 162 9 155 168 2 1
POTASSIUM mEq/L 2.1 0.2 1.9 2.2 2 1
CHLORIDE mEq/L 105 0 105 105 1 1
BLOOD UREA NITROGEN mg/dl 16 19 2 29 2 1
CREATININE mg/dl 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 7 6
URIC ACID mg/dl 9.3 5.9 1.8 24.2 14 11
GLUCOSE mg/dl 223 29 173 282 14 11
CHOLESTEROL mg/dl 111 29 71 176 11 9
CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE IU/L 1303 1792 253 6380 13 10
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IU/L 606 526 253 2136 13 10
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IU/L 46 23 30 62 2 2
ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE IU/L 308 380 86 1578 14 11
AMYLASE U/L 1324 255 1144 1504 2 2
TOTAL PROTEIN (COLORIMETRY) g/dl 3.4 0.5 2.4 4.8 14 11
GLOBULIN (COLORIMETRY) g/dl 1.6 0.7 1.0 2.7 5 4
ALBUMIN (COLORIMETRY) g/dl 1.9 0.4 1.2 2.2 5 4


a Number of samples used to calculate the reference range.
b Number of different individuals contributing to the reference values.
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